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Question: Discuss About The Hacker Site Leaks Australian Buyers Address? Answer: Introduction The report will discuss in detail about the concept of ethics which is actually a field of study which is specifically based on dividing or making the clear different between the right and wrong. The theories help in analyzing the overall morality of the human behavior, laws, structure and policies. The attempt of the authors here is to clearly justify the judgments on morality discussed in reference with ethical principles of varied theories as well as an attempt to get the moral intention about the feeling of right as well as wrong (Bredillet et al, 2015). The report will discuss in detail about the hacking in information technology in context with the classical theories. Analysis A case discussed about the current time when how people are taking helps from hackers to actually know about the whereabouts of people in order to know their truth. These people justify the work of hacking and how it is helping them. However it is important to understand here that the hacking is a crime and it always impact the system and the society (Wilkins, 2014). The Australian officials have recognized a group of people who are actually taking help from professional hackers to know illegal things. Discussion of four classical ethical theories Utilitarianism The theory of utilitarianism is based on the fact that what needs to be done. It further discusses that all kind best possible actions are the one that has the power to increase the utility. The concept of utility can be defined in so many ways and normally it is in connection with the well being of many entities like human and other living things (Baum, 2016). The founder of this concept is Jeremy Bentham and his definition says that the word utility means the sum of all kind of possible pleasures that are the result from a specific action and minus all kind of suffering for people part of the process. Hacking is one crime which anyways will harm people in the end since it is invading the private space of the people. The groups of hackers who are extending help to people who want it are confirming that people are taking the services for all wrong reasons and even the information hacked for them is not safe also (Jones, 2016). Deontology The theory of deontology is also referred as Kantian ethics and it is described to so many German philosopher named as Immanuel Kant. The theory is basically based on developing an outcome based on enlightenment and rationalism for it. It is also based on the opinion that is only internally a good thing along with a good will. It also depicts action that can only be good if they are large and related to principle associated with it basically a duty towards moral law. Hacking obviously questions the morality. Virtue Virtue is a word that is descries the normative based ethical theories. The main aim of virtues is mind as well as character. The virtue also discuss in detail about the overall nature and description of virtues and other associated issues. For instance, the processes of acquiring it or applying it in many actual life examples or existence of it in universal human attitude are some of the examples of virtue ethics (Dipert, 2016). Contract The observation by many modern theorists of social contract says that many communities form rile for a common or a mutual betterment of people. There can be a college or school in a form of community or there are communities with the school fraternity that have different set of rules as well as standards that people can understand or not. It they cannot understand it actually exists from the part of community and just as people are free to completely decline the citizenship of people and also take up the people in some other country (Dolezel Morrison, 2017). Hacking and crime A big part of security of the computer is related with protecting the computer based resources as well as data which is completely against all the unauthorized or intentional disruptions of issues. Such kind of acts is usually termed as process of hacking. The hacking process can also be defines as the use of skills in computer in order to gain all type of unauthorized access to resources. People like hackers are also very skills users that can use the talent to get access and often form a group or network with varied other hackers to share the data or knowledge (Bredillet et al, 2015). There are number of self recognized hackers as well which are often justified as the hacking based function to argue and the cause can be no real disadvantage and despite make an positive influence. The positive influence is associated with the act of hacking and it is also being argued that it further frees the data to gain advantage and also improves the systems and software exposed to any kind of s ecurity holes. Such kinds of consideration are also an important part a process known as hacker code of ethics which is actually a set of theories that helps in guiding number of activities for number of hackers (McLaughlin Gogan, 2015). Recommendation The process of hacking and cracking that tends to very ungrateful and can be termed as form of crime or rather cybercrime. There are so many types of crimes and not all the compromise or adjustments with computer security (Abu-Shaqra, 2015). It can be saved through following the below discussed guidelines: - Definition of guidelines on varied patch polices. Whenever it is possible, the most immediate security update must be utilized specifically with external systems and this further applies on different application and operating systems. The used of database by web based application must be restrictive by nature and as per HTTP request, for example is limited through Apache. One can also follow a two stage definition with their service based interface for the rise in database of the level of security (Abu-Shaqra, 2015). The guidelines of security are also based on the access to varied web services as well. The access to interface and administration must also be limited in a way that can help in accessing and get it from the complete internet. The process of outsourcing of eh administration is based on interfaces that are also present internally. The process of auditing by different number of specialists (Abu-Shaqra, 2015). There are possible checkup of the web based application with the help of reviewing the code. Conclusion Ethical based analysis is associated with privacy and security challenges in hacking and can help the professional to indentify and also solve many moral confusions and dilemmas. It further yields ethical policies along with guidelines for the sake of usage of IT (Njuguna, 2016). Also, it can also be identified as computer ethics not just for the sake of usage of information systems needed some kind of moral reflection and it is also based on designs since it shows set of moral values and consist of choices based on morality. Reference Abu-Shaqra, B. (2015).Technoethics and Organizing: Exploring Ethical Hacking within a Canadian University(Doctoral dissertation, Universit d'Ottawa/University of Ottawa). Baum, K. (2016, October). What the Hack Is Wrong with Software Doping?. InInternational Symposium on Leveraging Applications of Formal Methods(pp. 633-647). Springer International Publishing. Bredillet, C. N., Tywoniak, S., Dwivedula, R. (2015). Reconnecting theory and practice in pluralistic contexts: issues and Aristotelian considerations.Project Management Journal,46(2), 6-20. Bredillet, C., Tywoniak, S., Dwivedula, R. (2015). What is a good project manager? An Aristotelian perspective.International Journal of Project Management,33(2), 254-266. Dipert, R. R. (2016). Distinctive ethical issues of cyberwarfare.Binary bullets: the ethics of Cyberwarfare, 56. Dolezel, D. M., Morrison, E. E. (2017). Improving the Curriculum with Ethics: Gaps between Perceived Ethical Challenges of Practitioners and Educators.Journal of Curriculum and Teaching,6(1), 45. Jones, S. (2016). Doing the right thing: computer ethics pedagogy revisited.Journal of Information, Communication and Ethics in Society,14(1), 33-48. McLaughlin, M. D., Gogan, J. (2015). Why Cooperate? Ethical Analysis of InfoSec Vulnerability Disclosure. Njuguna, A. G. (2016). Towards the Indirect Agency Theory. Wilkins, L. (2014). My newsroom made me do it: The impact of organizational climate on ethical decision-making.The Ethics of Journalism. Individual, Institutional and Cultural Influence, 33-53.